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Geography Madhya Pradesh lies in the heart of India. It covers an area of 3,08,245 sq. km, making it the biggest state in the country, bordering seven other states - Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan. Madhya Pradesh consists largely of a plateau streaked with the hill ranges of the Vindhyas and the Satpuras with the Chhattisgarh plains to the east. The hills give rise to the main river systems - the Narmada and the Tapti, running from east to west, and the Chambal, Sone, Betwa, Mahanadi, and the Indravati west to east. History Madhya Pradesh, came into being in 1956, its cultural heritage is ancient and chequered. Innumerable monuments, exquisitely carved temples, stupas, forts and palaces on hilltops, recreate in the visitor's mind visions of empires and kingdoms, of great warriors and builders, poets and musicians, saints and philosophers; of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Islam. India's immortal poet-dramatist Kalidasa and the great musician of the Mughal court, Tansen, hailed from the region. Customs and beliefs in each era have added colour to the fairs and festivals. Dussehra in Bastar; Shivratri in Khajuraho, Bhojpur, Pachmarhi and Ujjain; Ramnaumi in Chitrakoot and Orchha, Bhagoriya in Jhabua and the annual festival of dances at Khajuraho are events for the tourists to remember. The Malwa Festival in Indore, Mandu and Ujjain, and the Pachmarhi Festival bring alive the rich folk and tribal culture of the state in colourful celebrations. The antiquity of Madhya Pradesh goes back to the dawn of history. Widely distributed rock shelter paintings present an eloquent testimony of its hoary past. Madhya Pradesh which forms central India is associated with some famous names in Indian History. Emperor Ashoka began his career from Ujjain. Major portion of Central India formed part of the Gupta Empire (300-550 AD). In the first half of the seventh century, it was part of emperor Harsha’s kingdom. In the early eleventh century the muslims entered central India, first Mahmud of Ghazni and later Mohammad Ghori incorporated certain parts with Sultanate of Delhi. It also formed part of Mughal empire. Till the death of Mahadji Scindia in 1794, Marathas ruled supreme in Central India, but thereafter independent smaller states came into existence. Some great women rulers like Rani Ahilyabai Holkar of Indore, Gond queen Rani Kamla devi and Rani Durgawati have carved a niche for them in history. The state of Madhya Pradesh has an area of 3,08,245 sq. km. and a population of 60.35 million. There are 48 districts, 313 blocks and 55393 villages. The State has population density of 195 per sq. km. (as against the national average of 312). The decadal growth rate of the state is NA (against 21.54% for the country) and the population of the state continues to grow at a much faster rate than the national rate. HEALTH INDICATORS OF MADHYA PRADESH The Total Fertility Rate of the State is 3.3. The Infant Mortality Rate is 70 and Maternal Mortality Ratio is 335 (SRS 2004 - 2006) which are higher than the National average. The Sex Ratio in the State is 919 (as compared to 933 for the country). Comparative figures of major health and demographic indicators are as follows: Table I: Demographic, Socio-economic and Health profile of Madhya Pradesh State as compared to India figures
Table II: Health Infrastructure of Madhya Pradesh
(Source: RHS Bulletin, March 2008, M/O Health & F.W., GOI) The other Health Institution in the State are detailed as under:
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Organogram
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