Orissa

Orissa

PROFILE OF THE ORISSA

Geography

Orissa extends from 17^o 49'N to 22^o 34'N latitude and from 81^o 29'E to 87^o 29'E longitude on the eastern coast of India. It has an area about 155,707 Sq Km. It is bounded by West Bengal in the north-east, Bihar in the north, Madhya Pradesh in the west, Andhra Pradesh in the south and the Bay of Bengal in the east. Orissa was separated from Bihar and came into existence on 1 April 1936. The capital was established at the historic city of Cuttack, located at the apex of the Mahanadi delta. In 1956, it shifted to Bhubaneswar, a planned modern town of the post-independence period.

Physiographically, Orissa can be divided into three broad regions 1) The Coastal plains, (2) The Middle mountainous country (3) The Plateaus and rolling up lands.

History:

Orissa was originally inhabited by the aboriginal tribes, the Buiyas and Gonds. They confined themselves to the forest and hills when the Dravidian race settled here. Orissa was known as Kalinga in the early period. Kalinga is related with the greatest Mauryan empire ruler Ashoka, who, on seeing the horrors of war in his battle with the Kalingan army abandoned warfare and, embraced Buddhism. In the second century AD, Kharavela established a strong rule . The Guptas dominated over this region in about the 4th century AD. Till the 10th century Orissa witnessed the rule of the Bhaumakara dynasty, followed by the Soma dynasty. From the 11th to 12th century, The Gangas became prominent. The Muslims Sultanate their influence on Orissa during the 13th and 14th centuries. This continued till 1568. This was followed by the rule of the Mughals which lasted till the death of Aurangzeb. After his death the Mughal power which declined bringing in the influence of the Nawab off Bengal who ruled it till he ceded this territory over Orissa began in about 1803 AD when the Marathas were suppressed by the diplomatic treaty's of the East India Company. It was only in 1949 that the state of Orissa attained its present status.

The state of Orissa has an area of 155,707 sq. km. and a population of 36.80 million. There are 30 districts, 314 blocks and 51349 villages. The State has population density of 236 per sq. km. (as against the national average of 312). The decadal growth rate of the state is 16.25% (against 21.54% for the country) and the population of the state is growing at a slower rate than the national rate.

HEALTH INDICATORS OF ORISSA

The Total Fertility Rate of the State is 2.4. The Infant Mortality Rate is 69 and Maternal Mortality Ratio is 303 (SRS 2004 - 2006) which are higher than the National average. The Sex Ratio in the State is 972 (as compared to 933 for the country). Comparative figures of major health and demographic indicators are as follows:

Table I: Demographic, Socio-economic and Health profile of Orissa State as compared to India figures

S. No.	Item	Orissa	India
1	Total population (Census 2001) (in million)	36.80	1028.61
2	Decadal Growth (Census 2001) (%)	16.25	21.54
3	Crude Birth Rate (SRS 2008)	21.4	22.8
4	Crude Death Rate (SRS 2008)	9.0	7.4
5	Total Fertility Rate (SRS 2008)	2.4	2.6
6	Infant Mortality Rate (SRS 2008)	69	53
7	Maternal Mortality Ratio (SRS 2004 - 2006)	303	254
8	Sex Ratio (Census 2001)	972	933
9	Population below Poverty line (%)	47.15	26.10
10	Schedule Caste population (in million)	6.08	166.64
11	Schedule Tribe population (in million)	8.15	84.33
12	Female Literacy Rate (Census 2001) (%)	50.5	53.7

Table II: Health Infrastructure of Orissa

Particulars	Required	In position	shortfall
Sub-centre	7283	6688	595
Primary Health Centre	1171	1279	-
Community Health Centre	292	231	61
Multipurpose worker (Female)/ANM at Sub Centres & PHCs	7967	6768	1199
Health Worker (Male) MPW(M) at Sub Centres	6688	3392	3296
Health Assistant (Female)/LHV at PHCs	1279	726	553
Health Assistant (Male) at PHCs	1279	168	1111
Doctor at PHCs	1279	1353	-
Obstetricians & Gynaecologists at CHCs	231	-	-
Physicians at CHCs	231	-	-
Paediatricians at CHCs	231	-	-
Total specialists at CHCs	924	-	-
Radiographers	231	8	223
Pharmacist	1510	1984	-
Laboratory Technicians	1510	311	1199
Nurse/Midwife	2896	637	2259

(Source: RHS Bulletin, March 2008, M/O Health & F.W., GOI)

The other Health Institution in the State are detailed as under:

Health Institution	Number
Medical College	4
District Hospitals	32
Referral Hospitals
City Family Welfare Centre
Rural Dispensaries
Ayurvedic Hospitals	8
Ayurvedic Dispensaries	624
Unani Hospitals	-
Unani Dispensaries	9
Homeopathic Hospitals	6
Homeopathic Dispensary	603

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Organogram

List and Addresses of State Officials

Principal Secy
Ms. Anu Garg, Commissioner cum Secretary (Health & FW) Department of Health & Family Welfare Government of Orissa, Secretariat Building, Bhubaneshwar - 751 009, Orissa		Office : +91-674-2536632 Fax: +91-674-2390674 Res: +91-674-2554510 Mob: +91-9437559200 E Mail: orhealth@ori.nic.in, secy-hfw-or@nic.in
Mission Director
Sh. Pramad Kumar Meherda, Mission Director (NRHM) Deptt. Of Health & F.W., Government of Orrisa, SIH & FW Annex Building, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar- 751012		Telefax: +91-674-2535067, +91-674-2392480, +91-674-2392488 Fax: +91-674-2392479 Mobile: +91-9437095067 Email : nrhmorissa@ori.nic.in, md-or-nrhm@nic.in
Regional Director
Dr. P. K. Mohapatra Sr. Regional Director Regional Office of Health & FW BJ-25, BJB Nagar, Bhubneshwar-751 014, Orissa		Tel(O)+91-674-2431708, +91-674-2431326 Fax: +91-674-2431904, Mob: +91-9937233546, +91-9853033071 Resi: +91-674-2433071 E-mail: rohfwbbs@rediffmail.com, pkm-srd@rediffmail.com, pkm_srd@rediffmail.com, PKM_SRD@rediffmail.com
State Immunisation Officer
Dr. Renuka Mohanty, Jt. Dir. Of Rural Health Services & SEPIO, (Rural Health), Heads of the Dept. Building, Bhubaneshwar-751001		Tel. +91-674-2393490 Fax: +91-674-2391112
State IEC Officers
Smt. Banalata Devi, Dy. Director (SIHFW) ,Govt. of Orissa, Bhubaneshwar-751001		Tel. Off. +91-674-403912, Resi. +91-674-520272
State RCH Officers
Dr. Geetanjali Kar, Project Director (RCH),		Telfax: +91-674-2391625 Tel. Res. +91-674-2431062
Disease Control Programs
1. NPCB (National Programme for Control of Blindness)	Dr. Promila Panigrahi Jt. DHS(Ophth) Directorate of Health Services Bhubaneshwar - 751001, Orissa Tel. +91-674-2390649, Telefax: +91-674-2390395, +91-674-2392878 Fax: +91-674-2401230, +91-674-2402878, +91-674-2401625 Res: +91-674-2431062 Mob: +91-9437146850 Email: jdhsophth.orissa@rediffmail.com
2. NLEP (National Leprosy Eradication Programme)	Dr. Suresh Chandra Mishra Jt. Director of Health Services (Lep. & TB) and State Leprosy Officer, Directorate of Health Services, Heads of Deptt. Building, Unit – 5, Bhubaneswar, Orissa – 751 001 Tel. +91-674-2390271, Tel/Fax: +91-674-2391589 Fax: +91-674-2401589 Res: +91-674-2414072 Email: crkar123@yahoo.co.in, asloorissa@sify.com
3. RNTCP (Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme)	Dr. Santosh Kumar Mishra (In Charge) State TB Cell, Directorate of Health Services, 2nd Floor, Heads of Deptt. Building, Bhubaneswar, Orissa – 751 001 Tel. +91-674-2390395 (Telefax), +91-9937014004 Email: stoor@rntcp.org
4. IDSP (Integrated Disease Survlliance Programme)	Dr. Vikash State Nodal Officer Tel. +91-674-2390466, Fax: +91-674-2391230 Email: Dirhealth_orissa@sify.com dirhealtho@gmail.com
5. NVBDCP (National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme)	Dr. P.K. Choudhary, Joint Director (Malaria & Filaria), Heads of Deptt. Building, Orissa, BHUBANESWAR-751001 Tel. +91-674-2390649, Telefax: +91-674-2536038 Fax: +91-674-2390271 E-mail: drchoudhury_pk@yahoo.com

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